全文获取类型
收费全文 | 860篇 |
免费 | 146篇 |
国内免费 | 462篇 |
专业分类
测绘学 | 74篇 |
大气科学 | 71篇 |
地球物理 | 289篇 |
地质学 | 832篇 |
海洋学 | 82篇 |
天文学 | 4篇 |
综合类 | 65篇 |
自然地理 | 51篇 |
出版年
2024年 | 1篇 |
2023年 | 9篇 |
2022年 | 25篇 |
2021年 | 30篇 |
2020年 | 43篇 |
2019年 | 49篇 |
2018年 | 35篇 |
2017年 | 25篇 |
2016年 | 57篇 |
2015年 | 64篇 |
2014年 | 60篇 |
2013年 | 65篇 |
2012年 | 64篇 |
2011年 | 83篇 |
2010年 | 75篇 |
2009年 | 77篇 |
2008年 | 66篇 |
2007年 | 86篇 |
2006年 | 81篇 |
2005年 | 74篇 |
2004年 | 59篇 |
2003年 | 35篇 |
2002年 | 37篇 |
2001年 | 37篇 |
2000年 | 24篇 |
1999年 | 21篇 |
1998年 | 23篇 |
1997年 | 24篇 |
1996年 | 20篇 |
1995年 | 17篇 |
1994年 | 20篇 |
1993年 | 20篇 |
1992年 | 15篇 |
1991年 | 12篇 |
1990年 | 8篇 |
1989年 | 5篇 |
1988年 | 3篇 |
1987年 | 5篇 |
1986年 | 5篇 |
1985年 | 1篇 |
1984年 | 2篇 |
1983年 | 1篇 |
1982年 | 1篇 |
1979年 | 1篇 |
1978年 | 2篇 |
1954年 | 1篇 |
排序方式: 共有1468条查询结果,搜索用时 15 毫秒
1.
Previous work on three‐dimensional shakedown analysis of cohesive‐frictional materials under moving surface loads has been entirely for isotropic materials. As a result, the effects of anisotropy, both elastic and plastic, of soil and pavement materials are ignored. This paper will, for the first time, develop three‐dimensional shakedown solutions to allow for the variation of elastic and plastic material properties with direction. Melan's lower‐bound shakedown theorem is used to derive shakedown solutions. In particular, a generalised, anisotropic Mohr–Coulomb yield criterion and cross‐anisotropic elastic stress fields are utilised to develop anisotropic shakedown solutions. It is found that shakedown solutions for anisotropic materials are dominated by Young's modulus ratio for the cases of subsurface failure and by shear modulus ratio for the cases of surface failure. Plastic anisotropy is mainly controlled by material cohesion ratio, the rise of which increases the shakedown limit until a maximum value is reached. The anisotropic shakedown limit varies with frictional coefficient, and the peak value may not occur for the case of normal loading only. Copyright © 2013 John Wiley & Sons, Ltd. 相似文献
2.
3.
本文分析了2012年唐山4.8级地震前,震中附近出现的短期原地重现线状集中分布地磁日变化感应电流异常的时空变化特征,及其与地震、中-下地壳和上地幔高导层的关系,进一步证实了短期原地重现线状集中分布感应电流的走向与中-下地壳和上地幔高导层顶面界埋深走向一致,认为其机理可能是深部热流体的上涌导致壳幔高阻体出现带有上拱性质的拆离滑动,深部上涌的热流体和高导层内热流体侵入高导层内电阻相对较高的地区,高导层出现短时间高导电流通道,当地磁日变化感应电流扫描经过高导电流通道时,感应电流会呈线状集中分布于此,并基于趋肤效应分布于其顶面附近。由于重现异常是发生在震源下方中-下地壳和上地幔高导层的地震异常,且该异常不同于震源附近及其震源至地表的地震异常,因此对推进地震孕育与发生机理研究可能有一定作用。此外研究还发现,地震虽然主要位于重叠段的端部,但更有可能位于中-下地壳重叠段的端部,这一发现对日常震情跟踪中应用该异常确定未来地震位置有一定帮助。 相似文献
4.
《地震研究进展(英文)》2022,2(4):100155
When the sliding bearing is fixed only at the top of the middle column of the underground structure, the cracks at the side end of the middle plate should be aggravated while the seismic damage of the mid-column should be alleviated. To enhance the seismic performance of the mid-plate, a new isolation design method has been mentioned while the elastic sliding bearings are set at the top of the mid-columns and between the side end of the mid-plate and the side wall at the same time. By establishing a nonlinear finite element analysis model for the static-dynamic coupling interaction system, the seismic response characteristics of the cast-in-place station structure without a sliding bearing have been analyzed and compared with those of the station structure with the sliding bearing fixed only at the top of the middle columns, and those of the station structure with sliding bearing be fixed between the mid-plate and the sidewall at the same time. The results show that the new isolation station structures suffer fewer earthquake damages at the mid-plate and mid-columns at the same time, which can improve the overall seismic performance of the subway station structure. 相似文献
5.
为了描述岩石强度的各向异性特征,通过引入材料的微结构张量,考虑单轴抗压强度σcβ随层理倾角β而变化,提出了基于微结构张量的修正Hoek-Brown屈服准则。开展不同层理倾角(0°、15°、30°、45°、60°、75°和90°)的页岩试样不同围压(0、5、10、15和20 MPa)下的三轴压缩试验,结果显示,页岩峰值强度与层理倾角β呈"U"形曲线关系,在围压较低时呈"肩"形曲线关系,弹性模量Et和泊松比ν对围压不敏感,其平均值随层理倾角β的变化关系分别呈倒"U"形、"肩"形。页岩的微观和宏观破坏图像表明,其破坏模式受围压和层理倾角双重控制。试验值与模型预测值的对比表明,修正的Hoek-Brown屈服准则可较好地对页岩强度的各向异性进行模拟。同时,采用Koteshwar千枚岩、Koteshwar板岩、绿泥石片岩等层状结构岩石的单轴和三轴压缩试验数据,进一步验证了提出的修正Hoek-Brown屈服准则对多数具有层理结构的横观各向同性岩石峰值强度模拟具有普遍适用性,并对屈服准则在试验数据较多和较少情况下的峰值强度模拟效果进行了评价。 相似文献
6.
复数域总体最小二乘平差 总被引:1,自引:1,他引:0
在复数域最小二乘的基础上提出了复数域总体最小二乘平差方法,推导了复数域总体最小二乘和复数混合总体最小二乘的相关公式。通过算例比较分析了复数观测值的残差的模的平方和最小(平差准则1)下及残差的实部和虚部的平方和分别最小(平差准则2)下的复数最小二乘、复数观测值和系数矩阵的残差的模的平方和最小(平差准则3)下及残差的实部和虚部的平方和分别最小(平差准则4)下的复数总体最小二乘方法的优劣。试验结果表明:平差准则1下复数最小二乘较平差准则2下得到的结果更加合理,平差准则3下复数总体最小二乘较平差准则4下得到的结果更为准确;当顾及系数矩阵误差时,平差准则3下复数总体最小二乘要优于平差准则1下复数最小二乘。 相似文献
7.
为确保海底爆破施工所诱发的振动不对中华白海豚造成危害,基于量纲分析法对萨道夫斯基经验公式进行修正,建立适用于预测海底爆破质点峰值振动速度的相似准数方程。在此基础上根据现场试验数据进行非线性回归运算,得到相关参数并分析了海底爆破振动强度衰减规律。分析表明:海底爆破质点峰值振速主要由单段装药量、监测点距爆心水平距离、覆盖层厚度及海水深度等因素决定。将参数值分别代入萨氏公式及新建公式计算预测值并进行误差估计,其平均误差分别为20.3%和10.0%,新建公式提高了对质点振速预测的准确性。利用新建公式及超压内安全振速估算保护中华白海豚的安全距离并提出相应的保护措施,为同类工程施工提供理论参考依据。 相似文献
8.
图像配准是实现干涉合成孔径雷达(InSAR)高精度相位提取及地形高程反演的关键,大场景图像的高效高精度配准成为近年高分宽幅InSAR成像应用研究的难点问题之一。由于大场景图像中不同区域偏移量及变化规律差异较大,传统最大相干系数配准方法需多分块及插值处理,面临计算量大且配准精度低等问题。针对此问题,本文提出一种基于DFT模型的大场景InSAR高效高精度图像配准算法。该方法利用最小均方差准则构建InSAR复图像配准的DFT模型,采用四叉树自适应分块及矩阵相乘DFT快速重采样配准方法,实现大场景InSAR图像各子块区域的高效高精度亚像素配准。仿真和实测数据验证本文算法的有效性,结果表明该算法不仅可实现大场景InSAR复图像亚像素级配准,还具有较高的运算效率,其运算效率相对于传统FFT配准方法通常可提升3倍以上。 相似文献
9.
Conceived as a potential alternative to the classical design methods employed for analyzing the stability of underground structures driven in jointed rocks, the homogenization approach stems from the heuristic idea that, from a macroscopic point of view, a rock mass cut by a network of joints may be perceived as a homogenized continuum. The strength properties of the latter can be theoretically obtained from the failure conditions of its individual constituents: rock matrix and joint interfaces. At the material level, the limit analysis reasoning is used in the context of homogenization to formulate the homogenized strength criterion of a jointed rock mass in the particular situation of a single set of parallel joints. As it could be expected, the obtained closed‐form expressions show the strength anisotropy induced by joint preferential orientation. The support functions (π functions) associated with the homogenized strength criterion are also determined in both plane strain and three‐dimensional cases. This criterion is then applied to the investigation of stability analysis of a tunnel excavated in a jointed rock mass. Upper bounds estimated of the stability factor are derived from the implementation of the kinematic approach directly on the homogenized underground structure. Finally, the approach is applied to analyze and discuss the collapse of the Pinheiros subway station (São Paulo, Brazil). Copyright © 2014 John Wiley & Sons, Ltd. 相似文献
10.
Macroscopic criteria for Green type porous materials with spheroidal voids: application to double porous materials 下载免费PDF全文
Combined effects of matrix plastic compressibility and void shape are investigated for ductile porous materials. To this end, a spheroidal volume containing a confocal spheroidal (prolate or oblate) void subjected to uniform strain rate boundary conditions has been first studied. A Green type matrix is chosen as a prototype for investigating effects of plastic compressibility. This is carried out by using a kinematics limit analysis theory from which a closed‐form expression of the macroscopic criterion is established for the considered class of materials. These results are then extended to ductile porous materials made up of a green matrix containing randomly oriented spheroidal voids. In the framework of a two‐step homogenization procedure, the obtained results are implemented to describe the macroscopic behavior of double porous materials involving spherical voids at the microscale and randomly oriented and distributed spheroidal voids at the mesoscale. For validation purpose, the new derived criteria are assessed and validated by comparing their predictions to available upper bounds and numerical data from literature. Copyright © 2017 John Wiley & Sons, Ltd. 相似文献